Analysis of the Anthropogenic Environmental Pollution in the BRICS States

The article is focused on the study of the level of anthropogenic pollution and approaches to meet the climate obligations of BRICS member countries. The evolution of the climate agenda, national decarbonization strategies and the role of renewable energy sources in achieving carbon neutrality are discussed. The main task of the study is to identify the specifics of the climate strategies of BRICS five states, whose implementation takes place in the context of the current stage of world development and requires taking into account political, economic and technological change.

The study examines the factors of intensity of greenhouse gas emissions, assesses the role of traditional and renewable energy sources in maintaining the sustainability of national economies and ensuring the achievement of the SDG. The focus is made on analysis of prospective directions of transformation of energy balances of BRICS countries, including the use of innovative technologies and implementation of green growth programs aimed at minimizing negative impact on the environment.

An assessment of the Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI) was carried out, showing differences of states' implementation of climate initiatives. А comparative analysis of the dynamics of greenhouse gas emissions and energy intensity of gross domestic product of the five BRICS countries for 2000–2023 has been carried out. The patterns of the dynamics were identified and recommendations were formulated to optimize the mechanisms of interaction between the member-countries in order to improve the state of the environment and increase the competitiveness of national economies.

The outcomes of the study allow to form scientifically based improvement of the public policy of environmental protection and management.

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