THREE TRENDS IN THE RESEARCH OF THE CONSUMER MARKET ON THE BASIS OF TRADE STATISTICS

The article is devoted to the problems of methodology and analysis of statistical data on trading activity. Emphasis is made on the three vital for the development of economy and social life directions of trade statistics. Firstly, the rate and trends of commodity mass development are shown, the organizational structures of trade are characterized, the estimations of commodity resources from the position of food and commodity safety, as well as the possibilities of import substitution, are outlined. Changes in commodity macrostructure of turnover are considered and explained, which indirectly indicates some changes in the well-being of people. Certain trends in the correlation of large and small businesses are revealed, which, are of a negative nature, in the opinion of author. Secondly, is presented a statistical evaluation of the role and place of trade in the Russian economy. The following four statistical indicators assessing the share of trade in the social-and-economic performance are considered: gross value added; a total volume of trade capital stock; the number of trade personnel; financial and economic results of trading activities. The indicators of GVA and the profitability of sales noted a reduction in the share of trade. Therefore, there is reason to believe that a trend of some reduction of the role of trade in the Russian economy was outlined. However, a certain contradiction occurs: in terms of indicators of basic funds and labour productivity the reduction was not detected. This fact can be associated with both inertia and inflationary effects. Thirdly, the main regularities of the formation of living standard of the population under the conditions of the social stratification of consume, formed as a result of trading activity are revealed and analyzed. The article shows the development trends of turnover per capita, which is considered as a market evaluation of living standard. A characteristic in actual and comparable prices is emphasized. The territorial differences in level of trade turnover per capita are shown. The influence of some factors which caused these differences is revealed. A special attention is given to the problem of the evaluation of social stratification of population. The article is based on the author’s calculations made on the basis of the statistical data contained in the statistical handbooks and yearbooks of Rosstat and some matters of Internet.

рыночная экономика, торговля, розничная торговля, статистика торговли, предпринимательство, товарные ресурсы, товарозамещение, потребительский рынок, валовая добавленная стоимость (ВДС), валовой внутренний продукт (ВВП), основной капитал торговли, оплата труда, оборот, социальная и экономическая эффективность торговли, уровень жизни населения, потребление, покупательский спрос, потребительский спрос, население, социальное расслоение, коэффициент дифференциации, market economy, trade, retail trade, trade statistics, entrepreneurship, trade resources, import substitution, consumer market, gross value added (GVA), gross domestic product (GDP), basic capital of trade, remuneration of labor, turnover, social and economic effectiveness of trade, standard of living of population, consumer demand, consumption, population, social stratification, coefficient of differentiation

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