Indicators of money income and expenditures in the study of the living standards the population of Russia

The article presents the statistical characteristics of the well-being of Russian population, its role in the economy and social life. At the present time, the Russian economy experiences a difficult socio-economic situation associated with a steep drop in oil prices which was reflected a sharp fall of the ruble value and strengthening of inflationary processes. The consequences of sanction standoff between Russia and several Western countries were also affected. This determines a need to expedite the processes of import substitution and abandonment of the consumption of certain products that have a negative impact on the quality of life. The author updates the statistical and social characteristics of the categories of «poverty» and «wealth», and presents the estimates of population being behind «poverty line or threshold». It is noted that, if in the pre-crisis period of2008-2009 occurred the contraction of the poverty range, then in 2010-2015 the proportion of population which can be classified as poor, once again increased. The generalizing characteristic of welfare is the monetary income of population, which is usually calculated per capita. Dynamic models reflecting the trends of nominal and real incomes of population were constructed. At the same time, welfare is characterized not so much by incomes, as by expenses of population, by purpose of these costs, and degree of their rationality. In this case, a demographic pressure on Russian residents associated with the process of the ageing of population increases. A sharp discussion on raising the retirement age, as well as on the procedure for payment of income to working pensioners was started. The well-being of the Russian population is characterized not only by a mean value of the satisfaction of needs, but also the degree of social inequalities. It should be taken into account that the degree of social stratification in Russia is significantly higher than that in the developed countries of Europe. If before the crisis of 2008-2009 some growth in living standards has been observed, then in the period after 2010, there was trend of its slowing down, followed by the subsequent recession.

доходы населения, среднедушевой доход, реальные доходы, оплата труда, социальные выплаты, богатство, бедность, абсолютная бедность, относительная бедность, уровень жизни, качество жизни, черта бедности, демографическая нагрузка, старение населения, социальная справедливость, пенсионное обеспечение, социальное расслоение, социальное неравенство, коэффициент Джини, коэффициент дифференциации доходов (коэффициент фондов), income of population, average per capita income, real incomes, wages, social benefits, wealth, poverty, absolute poverty, relative poverty, standard of living, quality of life, poverty line, demographic pressure, ageing of population, social justice, pension provision, social stratification, social inequality, Gini coefficient, incomes differentiation funds ratio

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