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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprstat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы статистики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Statistiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-6383</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5499</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Federal State Budgetary Institution "Scientific Research Institute for Socio-Economic Statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service" (Statistics Research Institute of Rosstat)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34023/2313-6383-2025-32-5-75-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprstat-1995</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТИСТИКА В СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STATISTICS IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование распределения численности работников организаций по городам России на основе моделей «ранг-размер»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Study of the Distribution of the Number of Employees in Organizations Across Russian Cities Using Rank-Size Models</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0375-2534</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зарова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zarova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зарова Елена Викторовна – д-р экон. наук, профессор, заместитель руководителя управления, Аналитический центр Москвы; профессор кафедры статистики, Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова; главный научный сотрудник, Научно-исследовательский институт проблем социально-экономической статистики Федеральной службы государственной статистики (НИИ статистики Росстата)</p><p>119019, г. Москва, ул. Новый Арбат, д. 11, стр. 1</p><p>117997, г. Москва, Стремянный переулок, д. 36</p><p>105679, г. Москва, Измайловское шоссе, д. 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Zarova – Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Professor, Deputy Head of Department, Moscow Analytical Center; Professor, Department of Statistics, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; Chief Researcher, Scientific Research Institute for Socio-Economic Statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service (Statistics Research Institute of Rosstat)</p><p>11, New Arbat Ave., Bldg. 1, Moscow, 119019</p><p>36, Stremyanny Lane, Moscow, 117997</p><p>44, Izmailovskoe Ave., Moscow, 105679</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zarova.ru@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7971-7331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Залманов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zalmanov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Залманов Илья Александрович – генеральный директор</p><p>119019, г. Москва, ул. Новый Арбат, д. 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Zalmanov – Deputy Director General</p><p>11, New Arbat Ave., Bldg. 1, Moscow, 119019</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalmanovia@develop.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Аналитический центр Москвы; Российский экономический университет имени Г.В. Плеханова; Научно-исследовательский институт проблем социально-экономической статистики Федеральной службы государственной статистики (НИИ статистики Росстата)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Analytical Center, Moscow; Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; Scientific Research Institute for Socio-Economic Statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service (Statistics Research Institute of Rosstat)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Аналитический центр Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Analytical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зарова Е.В., Залманов И.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зарова Е.В., Залманов И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zarova E.V., Zalmanov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1995">https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1995</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье обосновывается целесообразность и применимость степенных моделей, включая трехпараметрические модели «ранг-размер», для анализа распределения численности работников организаций и связанных с ней социально-экономических показателей городов Российской Федерации. Используя данные муниципальной статистики по городским округам, выполнена оценка соответствующих трехпараметрических моделей Ципфа – Парето – Мандельброта для каждого года периода 2021–2023 гг. Это позволило проанализировать динамику изменений в уровне конкуренции между городами как элементами урбанистической системы за ограниченные ресурсы: население (в том числе в трудоспособном возрасте), рабочую силу, инвестиции. Сопоставление параметров разработанных моделей выявило разную степень сбалансированности урбанистической системы России по распределению численности работников организаций, населения и инвестиций между городами различного масштаба, а также позволило определить ключевые факторы, обусловливающие дисбалансы в распределении основных макроэкономических показателей по городам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper argues the feasibility and applicability of power models, including three-parameter rank-size models, for analyzing the distribution of the number of employees in organizations and related socio-economic indicators across cities of the Russian Federation. Using municipal statistics for urban districts, the authors estimated the corresponding three-parameter Zipf – Pareto – Mandelbrot models for each year from 2021 to 2023. This approach made it possible to analyze the dynamics of competition between cities as elements of an urban system for limited resources: population (including the working-age population), labor force, and investments. A comparison of the estimated model parameters revealed varying degrees of balance within Russia's urban system in the distribution of employees, population, and investments across cities of diﬀerent size, as well as key factors that determine imbalances in the distribution of key macroeconomic indicators among cities.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>городской округ</kwd><kwd>численность работников</kwd><kwd>население</kwd><kwd>инвестиции</kwd><kwd>ранг</kwd><kwd>размер</kwd><kwd>степенная модель</kwd><kwd>трехпараметрическая модель</kwd><kwd>параметры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urban district</kwd><kwd>number of employees</kwd><kwd>population</kwd><kwd>investments</kwd><kwd>rank</kwd><kwd>size</kwd><kwd>power model</kwd><kwd>three-parameter model</kwd><kwd>parameters</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wellenstein A. et al. 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