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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprstat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы статистики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Statistiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-6383</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5499</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Federal State Budgetary Institution "Scientific Research Institute for Socio-Economic Statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service" (Statistics Research Institute of Rosstat)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34023/2313-6383-2025-32-5-18-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprstat-1990</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИКО-СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ В АНАЛИЗЕ И ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL AND STATISTICAL METHODS IN ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка эффективности российских банков в 2012–2021 годах в условиях изменения регуляторной политики и внешних шоков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the Efficiency of Russian Banks in 2012–2021 Amid the Changing Regulatory Policy and External Shocks</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2945-5271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубарев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubarev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зубарев Андрей Витальевич – канд. экон. наук, директор Центра математического моделирования экономических процессов Института прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>117517, г. Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey V. Zubarev – Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Director, Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Economic Processes, Institute of Applied Economic Research</p><p>84, Vernadskogo Ave., Moscow, 117517</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zubarev@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4690-829X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мотякина</surname><given-names>Я. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Motyakina</surname><given-names>Ya. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мотякина Яна Петровна – младший научный сотрудник Центра математического моделирования эконо мических процессов Института прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>117517, г. Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana P. Motyakina – Junior Researcher, Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Economic Processes, Institute of Applied Economic Research</p><p>84, Vernadskogo Ave., Moscow, 11751</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ya_motyakina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8769-5922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекирова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekirova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бекирова Ольга Александровна – научный сотрудник Центра математического моделирования экономических процессов Института прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>117517, г. Москва, пр-т Вернадского, д. 84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Bekirova – Researcher, Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Economic Processes, Institute of Applied Economic Research</p><p>84, Vernadskogo Ave., Moscow, 117517</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bekirova-oa@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации (РАНХиГС)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>29</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зубарев А.В., Мотякина Я.П., Бекирова О.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зубарев А.В., Мотякина Я.П., Бекирова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zubarev A.V., Motyakina Y.P., Bekirova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1990">https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1990</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется динамика результативности российских банков за период с 2012 по 2021 г. Для оценки эффективности финансовых организаций применен параметрический метод анализа стохастической границы (SFA). В рамках исследования рассмотрены различные аспекты деятельности банков, включая кредитование, привлечение депозитов и управление издержками.</p><p>Для углубленного анализа и получения оценок на более однородных выборках все банки были разделены на пять групп по размеру активов. Оценка моделей эффективности проводилась отдельно для каждой группы и года, что позволило отследить изменения между группами и во времени. Основной вывод исследования заключается в том, что за рассматриваемый период наблюдалось общее снижение эффективности банковской деятельности. Этот факт может быть связан с динамикой ключевой процентной ставки, а именно со смягчением денежно-кредитной политики (в периоды более высоких ставок банки вынуждены работать с высокой результативностью). Сохранить эффективность по привлечению депозитов удалось только группе из пяти крупнейших банков, что, вероятно, обусловлено высоким уровнем доверия клиентов и относительно легким доступом этих организаций к средствам вкладчиков.</p><p>Уровень эффективности в управлении издержками оказался в целом выше, при этом наиболее успешными показали себя крупные банки. Результаты исследования и полученные оценки могут быть полезны как для государственных органов управления и надзора за банковской деятельностью, так и для самих банков и их контрагентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper analyses the dynamics of performance of Russian banks from 2012 to 2021. To assess the eﬃciency of ﬁnancial institutions, the authors used parametric Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) method. The study examines various aspects of bank operations, including lending, deposit-taking, and cost management.</p><p>For an in-depth analysis and to obtain estimates from more homogeneous samples, all banks were divided into ﬁve groups based on asset size. The eﬃciency models were estimated separately for each group and for each year, enabling the tracking of changes both across groups and over time. The study’s key conclusion is that an overall decline in banking eﬃciency was observed over the period under review. This fact may be linked to the dynamics of the key interest rate, speciﬁcally to the periods of monetary policy easing (during times of higher interest rates, banks are forced to operate with greater eﬃciency). Only the group of the ﬁve largest banks managed to maintain their deposit-taking eﬃciency, which is likely due to their high level of customer trust and these institutions’ relatively easier access to retail funds.</p><p>Cost management eﬃciency was generally found to be higher, with the largest banks demonstrating the most successful performance. The ﬁndings of the study and the resulting estimates can be valuable for both government bodies providing banking supervision and regulation, and for the banks themselves and their counterparties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эффективность банков</kwd><kwd>методы оценки эффективности</kwd><kwd>метод анализа стохастической границы</kwd><kwd>эффективность издержек</kwd><kwd>кредитование банков</kwd><kwd>привлечение депозитов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bank efficiency</kwd><kwd>efficiency assessment methods</kwd><kwd>stochastic frontier analysis method</kwd><kwd>cost efficiency</kwd><kwd>bank lending</kwd><kwd>deposit attraction</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная статья подготовлена в рамках государственного задания РАНХиГС.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was written on the basis of the RANEPA state assignment research programme.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koopmans T.C. 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