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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprstat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы статистики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Statistiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-6383</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5499</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Federal State Budgetary Institution "Scientific Research Institute for Socio-Economic Statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service" (Statistics Research Institute of Rosstat)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34023/2313-6383-2025-32-3-62-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprstat-1919</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИАЛЬНО-ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Региональные различия смертности в России: когортные эффекты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional Mortality Differences in Russia: Cohort-Specific Effects</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8740-3771</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Максимов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maximov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максимов Михаил Антонович – аспирант второго года обучения кафедры народонаселения, экономический факультет</p><p>119991, г. Москва, тер. Ленинские горы, д. 1, с. 46.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Maximov – Second-Year Postgraduate Student, Population Department, Faculty of Economics</p><p>1-46, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mihailmaximov000@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Максимов М.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Максимов М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maximov M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1919">https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1919</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется динамика возрастных коэффициентов смертности мужчин и женщин в субъектах Российской Федерации за 1989–2022 гг. Целью исследования является определение влияния когортных эффектов на смертность и ожидаемую продолжительность жизни (ОПЖ) при рождении в российских регионах. Проверяется гипотеза о наличии связи между динамикой региональных показателей ОПЖ и изменениями коэффициентов смертности в разных поколениях мужчин и женщин. С использованием российской базы данных по рождаемости и смертности (РосБРиС) и на основе АРС (Age-Period-Cohort) анализа определены эффекты когорт в 76 субъектах Российской Федерации.Выделены четыре типа регионов России в зависимости от динамики когортных эффектов в смертности мужчин и женщин, рожденных между 1970 и 1985 гг.: 1) со стабильным снижением когортного эффекта от поколения к поколению; 2) со стагнирующим когортным эффектом; 3) с его незначительным ростом; 4) с его существенным увеличением. Установлено, что к 2019 г. доля межгрупповой дисперсии (между типами регионов) в общей дисперсии показателя ОПЖ составила 60–70%; при этом ее изменение происходило за счет поколений 1970–1985 года рождения (у женщин этот эффект выражен в меньшей степени).Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о том, что различия между когортными эффектами, влияющими на показатели смертности мужчин и женщин в российских регионах, могут обусловливать региональную дифференциацию темпов роста ОПЖ в последние десятилетия. В этой связи, по мнению автора, региональную демографическую политику, направленную на снижение смертности населения, необходимо строить с учетом когортного влияния</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the dynamics of age-specific mortality rates among males and females across Russia’s regions between 1989 and 2022. The study aims to assess the impact of cohort effects on mortality and life expectancy (LE) at birth in Russian regions. The study tests the hypothesis that regional LE trends are linked to changes in mortality rates across different generations of men and women. Using data from the Russian Fertility and Mortality Database (RusFMD) and Age-Period-Cohort (APC) analysis, the author identifies cohort effects in 76 regions of the Russian Federation.Four types of Russian regions were identified based on mortality cohort effects for males and females born between 1970 and 1985: first, regions with a steady decline in cohort effects from generation to generation; second, those with stagnant cohort effects; third, regions exhibiting minor growth; and forth, those with substantial increases. By 2019, the share of between-group variance (across region types) accounted for 60–70% of the total LE variance, driven primarily by the 1970–1985 birth cohorts (with less pronounced effects among females).The results of the study demonstrate that regional disparities in cohort-specific mortality patterns between males and females have likely contributed to divergent LE growth rates across Russian regions in recent decades. In light of these findings, the author concludes that regional demographic policies aimed at mortality reduction must explicitly integrate cohort-specific effects into their design</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>смертность</kwd><kwd>АРС-анализ</kwd><kwd>поколение</kwd><kwd>когортный эффект</kwd><kwd>ожидаемая продолжительность жизни</kwd><kwd>регионы России</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mortality</kwd><kwd>APC analysis</kwd><kwd>generation</kwd><kwd>cohort effect</kwd><kwd>life expectancy</kwd><kwd>Russian regions</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреев Е.М., Кваша Е.А., Харькова Т.Л. Продолжительность жизни в России: восстановительный рост // Демоскоп Weekly. 2014. № 621–622. С. 1–22. 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