voprstatВопросы статистикиVoprosy Statistiki2313-63832658-549910.34023/2313-6383-2024-31-5-68-86voprstat-1798Research ArticleСОЦИАЛЬНО-ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯSOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIESСоциально-экономические детерминанты интенсивности физической активности в РоссииSocio-Economic Determinants of the Physical Activity Intensity in Russiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9540-2592КаневаМ. А.KanevaM. A.

Канева Мария Александровна – д-р экон. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела регионального и муниципального управления

630090, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Лаврентьева, д. 17

Maria A. Kaneva – Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Leading Researcher, Department of Regional and Municipal Governance

17, Academician Lavrentyev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090

mkaneva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-3822-0770КарунинаА. М.KaruninaA. M.

Карунина Анастасия Михайловна – лаборант отдела регионального и муниципального управления; обучающийся программы «Бизнес-информатика» 4 курса бакалавриатаЭкономического факультета

630090, г. Новосибирск, пр-т Академика Лаврентьева, д. 17

630090, г. Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, д. 1

 

Anastasiia M. Karunina – Laboratory Technician, Department of Regional and Municipal Governance; 4th-Year Bachelor’s Student at the Department of Economics

17, Academician Lavrentyev Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090

1, Pirogova Str., Novosibirsk, 630090

a.karunina@g.nsu.ruИнститут экономики и организации промышленного производства Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IEIE SB RAS)Russian FederationИнститут экономики и организации промышленного производства Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Новосибирский государственный университетРоссияInstitute of Economics and Industrial Engineering, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IEIE SB RAS); Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian Federation2024291020243156886Copyright © Канева М.А., Карунина А.М., 20242024Канева М.А., Карунина А.М.Kaneva M.A., Karunina A.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1798

В статье изложены результаты исследования социально-экономических, демографических и медицинских детерминантов интенсивности физической активности в России. На основе данных Российского мониторинга экономического положения и здоровья населения НИУ ВШЭ (РМЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ) за 2021 г. и с использованием показателей шести уровней интенсивности физической активности авторами были построены порядковые пробит-регрессии, а также рассчитаны средние предельные эффекты для выбранного набора ковариатов. Независимые переменные регрессии отобраны на основе микроэкономической модели SLOTH, которая описывает предпочтения индивида в контексте физической активности.Результаты порядковой пробит-регрессии подтвердили теоретическую модель Мельтцера и Йены, согласно которой с увеличением дохода при наличии выраженного эффекта замены наблюдается рост интенсивности физической активности. Тезис о повышении интенсивности занятий с ростом дохода был подтвержден для мужчин, однако не нашел обоснования в отношении женщин. У женщин интенсивность физической активности определялась такими факторами, как множественная заболеваемость и место проживания вне Москвы и Санкт-Петербурга, которые не были значимы в регрессиях для мужчин.Проведенное исследование позволило сформулировать несколько важных выводов. Анализ интенсивности физической активности показал, что врачебные рекомендации в отношении видов физической активности должны учитывать рабочую нагрузку пациентов. Для людей с плотным графиком работы не подойдут рекомендации, требующие значительных временных затрат (например, длительная ходьба), тогда как короткие интенсивные тренировки (теннис или занятия в тренажерном зале) могут быть легко интегрированы в дневное расписание. Необходимо развивать спортивную инфраструктуру на местах работы, это позволит людям выделять время на физическую активность без дополнительных временных и финансовых затрат, что будет способствовать росту интенсивности физической активности в условиях увеличения доходов

The study examines the socioeconomic, demographic and health determinants of physical activity intensity in Russia. Using RLMS-HSE (the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey – Higher School of Economics) data for 2021 and indicators of six levels of physical activity intensity, the authors built ordered probit models and calculated average marginal effects for a set of covariates. The independent variables were selected based on the SLOTH microeconomic model describing individual preferences towards physical activity.The ordered probit regression provided empirical support for Meltzer and Jena's theoretical framework, stating that as income increases, with the pronounced substitution effect, the time spent on physical activity decreases, and the intensity of physical activity rises. In our study, the thesis about an increase in intensity with rising income was confirmed for a subsample of men but not women. For women, the intensity was determined by factors such as multiple morbidity and residing outside of Moscow or Saint Petersburg, which were not significant in the regressions for men.The study resulted in several important conclusions. The intensity analysis showed that physician recommendations regarding the type of physical activity should consider patients' workload. For individuals with a busy schedule, recommended types of exercise that require a long time (for example, walking) are not suitable. At the same time, intense workouts (such as tennis or gym classes) can be built into the schedule. There is a need to develop sports infrastructure at workplaces, allowing individuals to allocate time for classes without bearing additional time and monetary costs associated with travel to the location of workouts. As income increases, exercising near the workplace allows an individual to increase the intensity of physical activity without incurring additional time costs

физическая активностьинтенсивностьсоциально-экономические детерминанты здоровьясамооценка здоровьяспортивная инфраструктурахронические заболеваниярегионы РоссииРМЭЗ НИУ ВШЭphysical activityintensitysocioeconomic determinants of healthhealth self-assessmentsports infrastructurechronic diseasesregions of RussiaRLMS-HSEСтатья подготовлена по плану НИР ИЭОПП СО РАН, проект «Региональное и муниципальное стратегическое планирование и управление в контексте модернизации государственной региональной политики и развития цифровой экономики» № 121040100283-2.The article was prepared according to the IEIE SB RAS research plan, project No. 121040100283-2: «Regional and Municipal Strategic Planning and Management in the Context of Modernization of State Regional Policy and Development of the Digital Economy».ReferencesWHO Guidelines on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior. Geneva: WHO, 2024. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.