<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprstat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы статистики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Statistiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-6383</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5499</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34023/2313-6383-2022-29-4-42-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprstat-1459</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕМАТИКО-СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ В АНАЛИЗЕ И ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MATHEMATICAL AND STATISTICAL METHODS IN ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Подходы к оценке региональной дифференциации смертности от коронавируса</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Approaches to Assessing Regional Differentiation of Mortality from Coronavirus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0386-857X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучмаева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuchmaeva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оксана Викторовна Кучмаева – д-р экон. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры народонаселения экономического факультета</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana V. Kuchmaeva – Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Professor; Professor of Department of Population, Faculty of Economics</p><p>1-46, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuchmaeva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2930-0843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калмыкова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalmykova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Михайловна Калмыкова – канд. экон. наук, доцент кафедры народонаселения экономического факультета</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Kalmykova – Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Department of Population, Faculty of Economics</p><p>1-46, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natalia-kalmykova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3089-3327</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колотуша</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolotusha</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антон Васильевич Колотуша – асспирант кафедры народонаселения экономического факультета</p><p>119991, г. Москва, Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton V. Kolotusha – Postgraduate Student, Department of Population, Faculty of Economics</p><p>1-46, Leninskiye Gory, GSP-1, Moscow, 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tony_kol@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кучмаева О.В., Калмыкова Н.М., Колотуша А.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кучмаева О.В., Калмыкова Н.М., Колотуша А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuchmaeva O.V., Kalmykova N.M., Kolotusha A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1459">https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1459</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования состоит в обосновании статистико-методологических подходов, позволяющих наиболее точно измерить вклад пандемии COVID-19 в уровень и изменение общей смертности в Российской Федерации (в 2019–2020 гг.), и проведении оценки региональной дифференциации смертности от пандемии. Актуальность исследования обусловлена выявлением роли ряда факторов в росте смертности населения России (по данным за 2020 г.).В исследовании в качестве базового аналитического инструментария применен регрессионный анализ с отобранными факторами, обусловившими различия в изменении уровня смертности в регионах Российской Федерации. Информационной базой исследования являются данные официальной статистики, а также результаты репрезентативных в региональном разрезе выборочных социально-демографических обследований Росстата.Авторы использовали набор регрессионных моделей для проверки своих гипотез о влиянии совокупности демографических и социально-экономических факторов на прирост общего коэффициента смертности. Повторяющаяся совокупность факторов, влияющих на прирост смертности в разных моделях, может свидетельствовать об устойчивости влияния таких факторов, как доля лиц, занятых в сфере услуг, миграционный оборот, наличие в регионе города с численностью населения 500 тыс. человек и более, уровень смертности от COVID-19. Набор факторов, влияющих на прирост смертности, различается по типам поселений и по гендерному признаку.В статье аргументируется возможность использования общего коэффициента смертности в качестве зависимой переменной при оценке причин роста смертности. Значительная часть вариации прироста коэффициента смертности в 2020 г. в регионах России объясняется характеристиками демографической структуры региона (долей пожилых людей, размерами домохозяйств, долей лиц с онкологическими заболеваниями), а также высокой плотностью населения и частотой социальных контактов (особенно в городах). Рост смертности от COVID-19 оказал влияние на общий рост смертности в городах, но не привел к значимому росту смертности в сельской местности.Обосновывается необходимость совершенствования информационной базы для подбора объективных индикаторов и методик анализа вклада пандемии COVID-19 в уровень и динамику смертности. Важным методологическим выводом для дальнейших исследований является значимость поиска инструментальных переменных для показателей смертности от COVID-19 ввиду коррелированности факторов с общим уровнем смертности и с уровнем смертности от COVID-19, а также обоснование необходимости в дальнейшем анализа изменений в системе отечественного здравоохранения и ее финансировании в период пандемии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study aims to substantiate statistical and methodological approaches that allow the most accurate measurement of the contribution of the COVID-19 pandemic to the level and dynamics of the total mortality in the Russian Federation (in 2019–2020), and to assess the regional differentiation of mortality from the pandemic. The relevance of the study stems from revealing the role of some factors in the rise of mortality rates in Russia (according to data for 2020).In the study, the authors used regression analysis with a set of factors determining pandemic-induced differences in changes in mortality rates across regions of the Russian Federation as a basic analytical tool. The information base of the study is a set of official statistics data, as well as regional representative results of sample socio-demographic surveys of Rosstat.The authors used a set of regression models to test the hypotheses about the influence of a combination of demographic and socioeconomic factors on the increase in the total mortality rate. A repeating set of factors affecting the increase in mortality in different models may indicate the stability of the influence of the following factors: the share of people employed in the service sector, migration turnover, the presence in a region of a city of 500 thou. inhabitants or more, and the death rate from COVID-19. The set of factors influencing the increase in mortality differs by type of settlement and by gender.The article argues for the possibility of using the crude mortality rate as a dependent variable in assessing the causes of mortality growth. A significant part of the regional variation in the increase in the total mortality rate in 2020 in Russian regions is explained by the characteristics of the demographic structure of the region (the share of elderly, the size of the household, the share of people with cancer), as well as the high population density and frequency of social contacts (especially in cities). Rise of COVID-19 related mortality rate had impact on the increase of the total urban mortality rate but did not lead to any significant growth in rural mortality rate.The problem of the need to improve the information base for the selection of objective indicators and methods for analyzing the contribution of the COVID-19 epidemic to the level and dynamics of mortality is emphasized. An important methodological conclusion relevant for further research is the need to search for instrumental variables for COVID-19 related mortality indicators, due to the correlation of factors with the total mortality rate and with the mortality rate from COVID-19, as well as the need for further analysis of changes in the national health care system and its funding amid the pandemic.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>демографическая статистика</kwd><kwd>региональная статистика</kwd><kwd>уровень смертности от COVID-19</kwd><kwd>регрессионный анализ</kwd><kwd>демографическая структура населения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>demographic statistics</kwd><kwd>regional statistics</kwd><kwd>COVID-19 related mortality rate</kwd><kwd>regression analysis</kwd><kwd>demographic structure of the population</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Девяткин А.В., Девяткин А.А. Новая коронавирусная инфекция – COVID-19. Вопросы происхождения, тропности возбудителя, путей передачи инфекции, лабораторной диагностики и специфической терапии // Кремлевская медицина. Клинический вестник. 2020. № 2. С. 5–13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Devyatkin A.V., Devyatkin A.A. A Novel Coronavirus Infection – COVID-19. Origin, Tropism, Transmission Routes, Lab Diagnostics and Specific Care. Kremlin Medicine Journal. 2020;(2):5-13. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бударин С.С. Устойчивость функционирования мировых систем здравоохранения в период пандемии КОВИД-19 // Экономика и управление: проблемы, решения. 2020. Т. 3. № 8 (104). С. 105–114.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Budarin S.S. Sustainability of Global Health Systems During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Economics and Management: Problems, Solutions. 2020;3(8(104):105-114. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иноятов А.Ш., Ихтиярова Г.А., Мусаева Д.М., Каримова Г.К. Оценка состояния беременных женщин с диабетом, при заражении COVID-19 // Новый день в медицине. 2020. № 2 (30). С. 101–103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Inoyatov A.Sh. et al. Assessment of the Status of Pregnant Women with Diabetes Mellitus Infected with COVID-19. New Day in Medicine. 2020;2(30):101-103. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Помыткина Т.Е., Жукова А.Е., Хромов К.В. Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания и КОВИД-19. Психология. Спорт. Здравоохранение. Сборник избранных статей по материалам Международной научной конференции. Санкт-Петербург, 2020. С. 29–30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pomytkina T.E., Zhukova A.E., Khromov K.V. Cardiovascular Disease and COVID-19. Psychology. Sport. Healthcare. In: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. St. Petersburg; 2020. P. 29-30. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кочеров И.П. Анализ данных по ежедневному заражению КОВИД-19 // Процессы управления и устойчивость. 2021. Т. 8. № 1. С. 418–423.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kocherov I.P. Analysis of Daily Covid-19 Infection Data. Control Processes and Stability. 2021;8(1):418-423. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Брагина А.В., Пилипенко Д.В., Ахмадеев Д.Р. Влияние COVID-19 и вызванного им кризиса на российскую экономику // E-Scio. 2020. № 8 (47). С. 9–15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bragina A.V., Pilipenko D.V., Akhmadeev D.R. The Impact of COVID-19 and the Crisis Caused by it on the Russian Economy. E-Scio. 2020;8(47):9-15. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buklemishev O.V. Coronavirus Crisis and its Effects on the Economy // Population and Economics. 2020. Vol. 4. No. 2. P. 13–17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buklemishev O.V. Coronavirus Crisis and its Effects on the Economy. Population and Economics. 2020;4(2):13-17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данилова И.А. Заболеваемость и смертность от COVID-19. Проблема сопоставимости данных // Демографическое обозрение, 2020. Том: 7. № 1. С. 6–26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danilova I.A. Morbidity and Mortality from COVID-19. The Problem of Data Comparability. Demographic Review. 2020;7(1):6-26. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Четвериков В.М., Пугачева О.В., Воронцова Т.Д. Проблемы формирования достоверной «ковидной» статистики: отечественный и зарубежный опыт // Вопросы статистики. 2021. Том 28. № 4. С. 45–66.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chetverikov V.M., Pugacheva O.V., Vorontsova T.D. Challenges to Generating Reliable COVID Statistics: Domestic and International Experience. Voprosy Statistiki. 2021;28(4):45-66. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maleva T.M., Kartseva M.A., Korzhuk S.V. Sociodemographic determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Russia in the context of mandatory vaccination of employees // Population and Economics. 2020. № 5(4). рр. 30–49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maleva T.M., Kartseva M.A., Korzhuk S.V. Socio-Demographic Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Russia in the Context of Mandatory Vaccination of Employees. Population and Economics. 2020;5(4):30-49.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Четвериков В.М. Особенности и интенсивность распространения COVID-19 в странах большой экономики//Вопросы статистики. 2020. Том 27. № 6. С. 86–104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chetverikov V.M. Unique Features and Intensity of COVID-19 Spread in Large Economies. Voprosy Statistiki. 2020;27(6):86-104. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zemtsov S.P., Baburin V.L. Risks of morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Russian regions // Population and Economics. 2020. No. 4(2). Рр. 158–181. doi: 10.3897/popecon.4.e54055</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zemtsov S.P., Baburin V.L. Risks of morbidity and mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Russian regions. Population and Economics. 2020;4(2):158-181. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.4.e54055.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balb N. at all. Demography and the Coronavirus Pandemic // Population and Policy. Brief. No. 25, May 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balb N. at all. Demography and the Coronavirus Pandemic. Population and Policy. Brief. N 25, May 2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verhagen M. at all. Forecasting spatial, socio-economic and demographic variation in COVID-19 health care demand in England and Wales. BMC Medicine (2020) 18:203. URL: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01646-2 (дата обр.: 25.12.21)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Verhagen M. at all. Forecasting Spatial, Socio-Economic and Demographic Variation in COVID-19 Health Care Demand in England and Wales. BMC Medicine. 2020;18:203. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-01646-2. (accessed 25.12.2021)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonanad C. et al. The effect of age on mortality in patients with COVID-19: a metaanalysis with 611,583 subjects // Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2020. Vol. 21. No. 7. pp. 915–918.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonanad C. et al. The Effect of Age on Mortality in Patients with COVID-19: A Metaanalysis with 611,583 Subjects. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2020;21(7):915-918.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kang S.J., Jung S.I. Age-related morbidity and mortality among patients with COVID-19 // Infection &amp; chemotherapy. 2020. Vol. 52. No. 2. pp. 154.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kang S.J., Jung S.I. Age-Related Morbidity and Mortality Among Patients with COVID-19. Infection &amp; Chemotherapy. 2020;52(2):154-164.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pradhan A., Olsson P.E. Sex differences in severity and mortality from COVID-19: are males more vulnerable? // Biology of sex Differences. 2020. Vol. 11. No. 1. PP. 1–11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pradhan A., Olsson P.E. Sex Differences in Severity and Mortality from COVID-19: Are Males More Vulnerable? Biology of Sex Differences. 2020;11(1):1-11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karlinsky A., Kobak D. Tracking excess mortality across countries during the COVID-19 pandemic with the World Mortality Dataset // Elife. 2021. Vol. 10. URL: https://elifesciences.org/articles/69336 (дата обр.: 25.12.21).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karlinsky A., Kobak D. Tracking Excess Mortality Across Countries During the COVID-19 Pandemic with the World Mortality Dataset. Elife. 2021;10. Available from: https://elifesciences.org/articles/69336. (accessed 25.12.2021)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caramelo F., Ferreira N., Oliveiros B. Estimation of risk factors for COVID-19 mortality preliminary results. MedRxiv. 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caramelo F., Ferreira N., Oliveiros B. Estimation of Risk Factors for COVID-19 Mortality Preliminary Results. MedRxiv; 2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jawad A.J. Effectiveness of population density as natural social distancing in COVID19 spreading // Ethics, Medicine and Public Health. 2020. Vol. 11. No. 1. 15. P. 100556.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jawad A.J. Effectiveness of Population Density as Natural Social Distancing in COVID19 Spreading. Ethics, Medicine and Public Health. 2020;15:100556.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sayyida S., Hartini S., Gunawan S., Husin S.N. The impact of the covid-19 pandemic on retail consumer behavior // Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM). 2021. Vol. 5. No. 1. P. 79–88.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sayyida S. et al. The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Retail Consumer Behavior. Aptisi Transactions on Management (ATM). 2021;5(1):79-88.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Musselwhite C., Avineri E., Susilo Y. Editorial JTH 16–The Coronavirus Disease COVID-19 and implications for transport and health // Journal of Transport &amp; Health. 2020. Vol. 16. P. 100853.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Musselwhite C., Avineri E., Susilo Y. Editorial JTH 16–The Coronavirus Disease COVID-19 and Implications for Transport and Health. Journal of Transport &amp; Health. 2020;16:100853.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Musselwhite C., Avineri E., Susilo Y. Restrictions on mobility due to the coronavirus Covid19: Threats and opportunities for transport and health // Journal of Transport &amp; Health. 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Musselwhite C., Avineri E., Susilo Y. Restrictions on Mobility Due to the Coronavirus Covid19: Threats and Opportunities for Transport and Health. Journal of Transport &amp; Health. 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чудиновских О.С. О росте численности населения города Севастополя и парадоксах статистики // Демоскоп weekly, № 913 – 914, 21 сентября – 4 октября 2021 г. http://www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2021/0913/perep05.php. Дата обращения: 30.11.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chudinovskikh O.S. On the Growth of the Population of the City of Sevastopol and the Paradoxes of Statistics. Demoscope weekly. 2021;(913–914). Available from: http:// www.demoscope.ru/weekly/2021/0913/perep05.php. (accessed 30.11.2021)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
