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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">voprstat</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вопросы статистики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Voprosy Statistiki</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2313-6383</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5499</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.34023/2313-6383-2020-27-4-80-87</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">voprstat-1159</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТИСТИКА ВНЕШНЕЙ ТОРГОВЛИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOREIGN TRADE STATISTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Внешняя торговля товарами и услугами: сопоставление источников данных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Foreign Trade in Goods and Services:  Comparing the Data Sources</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0678-8324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гнидченко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gnidchenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гнидченко Андрей Андреевич – андидат экономических наук, ведущий эксперт, Центр макроэкономического анализа и краткосрочного прогнозирования; старший научный сотрудник, Институт народнохозяйственного прогнозирования РАН; старший научный сотрудник, Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</p><p>117418, г. Москва, Нахимовский пр., 47; 101000, г. Москва, ул. Мясницкая, д. 20.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Gnidchenko –  Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Senior Expert, Center for Macroeconomic Analysis and Short-Term Forecasting; Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Senior Research Fellow, National Research University Higher School of Economics.</p><p>47, Nakhimovsky Prospekt, Moscow, 117418; </p><p>20, Myasnitskaya Str., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agnidchenko@forecast.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр макроэкономического анализа и краткосрочного прогнозирования; Институт народнохозяйственного прогнозирования РАН;&#13;
Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Macroeconomic Analysis and Short-Term Forecasting; Institute of Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences;&#13;
National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>80</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гнидченко А.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гнидченко А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gnidchenko A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1159">https://voprstat.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1159</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проанализированы основные источники информации о внешней торговле России. Цель исследования характеристика данных о внешней торговле товарами и услугами, прежде всего по таким критериям, как временной период, наличие детализации по видам товаров и услуг, страновой и региональный разрез, формат их предоставления.</p><p>При отборе методологического инструментария автор учитывал возможности применения баз данных для разных задач пользователей, в частности особенности оперативного анализа, актуальность международных сравнений, исследования структуры внешней торговли по видам товаров и услуг, странам-партнерам.</p><p>По мнению автора, ни одна из баз данных не удовлетворяет в полной мере всем критериям. Для получения качественных результатов аргументируется необходимость использования конкретных информационных источников в целях комплексного анализа. Показаны проблемы использования таких информационных баз, как UN Comtrade (неполнота круга охвата по показателям внешней торговли с месячной периодичностью), ФТС ТСВТ (неопределенность с классификатором для целей расчетов временных рядов за 2016-2017 гг.). Выявлены пропуски данных в базе UN Comtrade по России для отдельных товарных позиций. Дана сравнительная характеристика публикаций Банка России, ОЭСР, ВТО и ООН.</p><p>Выводы представлены в форме рекомендаций использования баз данных в зависимости от требований пользователей по таким критериям, как оперативность, доступность данных для международных сравнений и необходимость отражения структуры внешней торговли России по видам товаров и услуг. В анализе отдельных структурных составляющих внешнеторгового оборота выявлены предпочтения в использовании информационных баз. Так, при изучении внешней торговли товарами рекомендовано одновременно использовать базы данных ФТС ТСВТ и UN Comtrade, тогда как при анализе внешней торговли услугами базы данных Банка России, ОЭСР или ВТО (в зависимости от конкретной задачи пользователя статистической информации).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper focuses on the primary sources of information on Russia’s foreign trade. The objective of the study is to describe the main sources of data on foreign trade in goods and services, and compare them according to such criteria as time horizon, speciﬁcation by types of goods and services, the breakdown of data by country and region, and the data format.</p><p>The methodology tools rely on the possibility of applying databases for various user tasks (such as operative analysis, international comparisons, and studying the structure of foreign trade by types of goods and services and by partner countries).</p><p>The author shows that none of the databases meets all the criteria. To obtain a high-quality result, it is necessary to combine information from different sources. The paper demonstrates the problems of the incompleteness of the monthly data in the UN Comtrade database and uncertainty with the classiﬁer at the junction of 2016-2017 in the Federal Customs Service TSVT database. The author reveals the data gaps in the UN Comtrade database for Russia for some commodity groups. The article presents a comparison of Bank of Russia, OECD, WTO, and UN publications.</p><p>The conclusions are given in the form of recommendations on the use of the databases depending on the users’ requirements according to the speed of data publication, availability of data for international comparisons, and the need to reﬂect the structure of Russia’s foreign trade by type of goods and services.</p><p>The analysis reveals individual structural components of foreign trade turnover and preferences in the use of information bases. For trade in goods, the author recommends a simultaneous usage of the Federal Customs Service TSVT database and the UN Comtrade database; for trade in services the use of the Bank of Russia, OECD or WTO databases (depending on the user’s task).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внешняя торговля</kwd><kwd>товары</kwd><kwd>услуги</kwd><kwd>информационные источники</kwd><kwd>международная статистика</kwd><kwd>базы данных.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>foreign trade</kwd><kwd>commodities</kwd><kwd>services</kwd><kwd>information sources</kwd><kwd>international statistics</kwd><kwd>databases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yeats A.J. On the Accuracy of Economic Observations: Do Sub-Saharan Trade Statistics Mean Anything? // World Bank Economic Review. 1990. Vol. 4. No. 2. 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